What security system monitors and controls network traffic based on security rules?

A firewall is a security system that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules. It acts as a barrier between a trusted internal network and untrusted external networks, such as the internet. By setting specific rules, a firewall determines which traffic should be allowed or denied access, helping to protect the network from unauthorized access, cyber threats, and potentially harmful activities.

Firewalls can be hardware-based, software-based, or a combination of both, and they play a critical role in network security by filtering traffic, inspecting packets, and providing logging capabilities. This proactive monitoring and traffic control help ensure that sensitive data remains protected and that users within the network can operate securely.