What type of memory is used for short-term data storage while a computer is running?

RAM, or Random Access Memory, is the type of memory used for short-term data storage while a computer is running. It is a volatile memory, meaning that it temporarily holds data that is actively being used or processed by the CPU. When a computer is powered on, the operating system and applications load into RAM, allowing for quick read and write access. This is crucial for the performance of the system, as it enables fast data retrieval and manipulation, which enhances the user experience and efficiency in multitasking.

Other storage options like SSDs (Solid State Drives) and Hard Drives serve as long-term storage solutions where data is kept even when the computer is turned off. However, they are not as fast as RAM when it comes to data access during active computations. Cloud storage is also not intended for immediate data access while a device is running; instead, it provides storage over the internet, often used for backup and to access files from multiple devices but depending on an internet connection. Thus, RAM is uniquely suited for the short-term and high-speed requirements of active computer processes.