What type of software is ransomware?

Ransomware is classified as malware specifically designed to disrupt user operations by encrypting files or locking users out of their devices until a ransom is paid. This type of malicious software can cause significant harm to individuals and organizations by denying them access to their own data and systems. The primary goal of ransomware is to extort money from the victim, making it a crucial concern in cybersecurity.

In contrast, the other choices refer to software or applications with different functions. Data backup applications focus on creating copies of data for recovery purposes, not on disrupting operations. Anti-virus software is intended to protect systems from malware and other threats, while a browser extension for security typically enhances web browsing safety but does not specifically involve the tactics associated with ransomware attacks. Understanding the nature of ransomware helps in recognizing the risks and implementing effective prevention strategies.